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假發(fā)票地下經(jīng)濟(jì)的市場(chǎng)營銷分析(一)

來源: 江蘇省鹽城市地稅局·顧向東 編輯: 2006/02/11 00:00:00  字體:

  「內(nèi)容摘要」

  在我國社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)中,發(fā)票是反映企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)業(yè)務(wù)往來的重要憑證,是國家稅收征收管理的重要依據(jù),其對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要意義,某種程度上遠(yuǎn)超過貨幣。然而現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中,假發(fā)票生產(chǎn)、銷售、使用現(xiàn)象的存在,嚴(yán)重?cái)_亂了正常的經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序,破壞著國家稅收征管,腐蝕著某些人的思想靈魂,追根求源:有其生存的客觀因素,有造假者主觀的非法銷售行為。如何有效抑制、鏟除這顆附著在社會(huì)肌體上的毒瘤,諸多有識(shí)之士各抒己見,奉獻(xiàn)了不少良策。本文擬從假發(fā)票經(jīng)濟(jì)市場(chǎng)銷售角度出發(fā),分析其賴以生存的銷售環(huán)境、采取的銷售方案等方面加以分析,探求針對(duì)性的治理措施對(duì)策,提出如下設(shè)想:以改革發(fā)票功能及其管理制度,減弱國家財(cái)政稅收活動(dòng)對(duì)發(fā)票的依賴度,從根本上消除現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中人們對(duì)假票的需求以治本。通過提高現(xiàn)行發(fā)票設(shè)計(jì)、制作技術(shù)含量,提高技術(shù)壁壘;加強(qiáng)對(duì)源頭生產(chǎn)的查處打擊減少供給,封殺流通、設(shè)置渠道障礙等措施以治標(biāo)。進(jìn)一步建立健全發(fā)票管理法制法規(guī),強(qiáng)化教育宣傳,普及發(fā)票知識(shí),提高群眾識(shí)別票據(jù)能力,落實(shí)有關(guān)行政、法律責(zé)任的追究等多種措施,多管齊下,開展綜合治理。從而達(dá)到有效根治假票經(jīng)濟(jì)的目的。

  「關(guān)鍵詞」發(fā)票市場(chǎng)銷售 銷售方案 供求關(guān)系

  Abstract

  In our Chinese socialism market economy, the invoice is an important voucher to reflect the economic dealings'come-and-go of enterprises, and a significant evidence of national taxation, which to some extent outweighs the currency from the perspective of the significance to economy. However, in reality the existence of such phenomena as false invoice production,its sales and use, seriously disturb the normal economic order, spoil the national taxation, erode some people'thought and soul. The root contains both the objective elements for its existence and the subjective illegal marketing behavior of false invoice producers. How to curb and root up the poisonous tumor clinging to our society, quite a few people of insight air their opinions and contribute many a constructive countermeasure. This thesis, beginning with the marketing of false invoice economy, identifies and analyzes its fundamental marketing environment and the corresponding marketing strategies, explores the measures and countermeasures to cope with the issue, and thus presents the following assumption, i.e.,by reforming the invoice function and its management system and decreasing the dependence of national finance and taxation to invoice, ultimately eliminate the demand for false invoice in real life as a final settlement; via improving the current invoice design and production technical composition, lift the technical bulwark, strengthen the investigation, punishment and blow to the false invoice source so as to decrease the supply, block and forbid the circulation, establish the channel obstruction as a temporary solution; further establish and facilitate the invoice management laws and rules, enhance the education and propaganda,popularize invoice knowledge, boost people's ability to identify the real invoice,carry out the various measures like the investigation of relevant administrative and legal responsibilities, take kinds of ways simultaneously and deal with it comprehensively for the aim of effectively eliminating the false invoice economy.

  Key words: Invoice; marketing; marketing strategy; supply and demand relationship

  目錄

  1 緒論

  1.1 課題研究背景

  1.2 課題研究目的與意義

  1.3 課題研究內(nèi)容和方法

  2 發(fā)票基礎(chǔ)理論綜述

  2.1 發(fā)票的含義及功能

  2.2 我國發(fā)票的演變發(fā)展

  2.3 國外發(fā)票的使用狀況

  2.4 國內(nèi)外對(duì)發(fā)票管理的不同理念

  2.5 發(fā)票控稅原理

  3 假發(fā)票地下經(jīng)濟(jì)

  3.1 幾個(gè)概念

  3.1.1 假發(fā)票

  3.1.2 地下經(jīng)濟(jì)

  3.1.3 假發(fā)票地下經(jīng)濟(jì)

  3.2 假發(fā)票地下經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)狀及其特征

  3.2.1 假發(fā)票地下經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)狀

  3.2.2 假發(fā)票地下經(jīng)濟(jì)的特征

  3.2.2.1 追求目標(biāo)利潤最大化

  3.2.2.2 生產(chǎn)交易行為地下化

  3.2.2.3 組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、嚴(yán)密化

  4 假發(fā)票地下經(jīng)濟(jì)行為分析

  4.1 制造銷售環(huán)境分析

  4.1.1 法律法規(guī)政策因素

  4.1.2 經(jīng)濟(jì)因素

  4.1.3 稅收管理因素

  4.1.4 發(fā)票管理現(xiàn)狀

  4.1.4.1 普通發(fā)票及其管理存在的弊端

  4.1.4.2 增值稅發(fā)票及其管理制度的弊端

  4.1.5 社會(huì)文化因素

  4.1.6 技術(shù)環(huán)境因素

  4.2 心理預(yù)期分析

  4.2.1 假發(fā)票銷售者成本收益心理預(yù)期的對(duì)比分析

  4.2.2 假發(fā)票需求者成本收益心理預(yù)期的對(duì)比分析

  4.3 銷售方案分析

  4.3.1 消費(fèi)對(duì)象

  4.3.2 假發(fā)票的銷售方案組合分析

  5 治理假發(fā)票地下經(jīng)濟(jì)的對(duì)策探討

  5.1 抑制消費(fèi)對(duì)象對(duì)假發(fā)票的需求

  5.1.1 消除假發(fā)票需求的外部誘因,抑制現(xiàn)有的消費(fèi)對(duì)象

  5.1.2 降低對(duì)假發(fā)票需求的內(nèi)在動(dòng)因,抑制潛在的消費(fèi)對(duì)象

  5.2 淡化發(fā)票控稅功能,喪失假票“效用”

  5.3 強(qiáng)化管理、從嚴(yán)處罰,提高假票成本

  5.3.1 提高真票技術(shù)含量,增加假票制作成本

  5.3.2 完善法律法規(guī),提高違法違規(guī)成本

  5.4 設(shè)置渠道障礙,扼制假票流通

  5.4.1 加強(qiáng)正規(guī)發(fā)票使用諸環(huán)節(jié)管理,嚴(yán)防假票介入

  5.4.2 綜合治理,堵塞假票流通渠道

  5.5 加強(qiáng)稅法宣傳,提高群眾認(rèn)識(shí)和會(huì)計(jì)素質(zhì)

  5.5.1 提高群眾法制認(rèn)識(shí),拒絕假票誘惑

  5.5.2 增強(qiáng)會(huì)計(jì)監(jiān)督責(zé)任,杜絕假票終端入賬

  6 結(jié)論

  6.1 假發(fā)票無形之中正充當(dāng)著真發(fā)票的“替代品”

  6.2 供求雙方的心理預(yù)期高收益率刺激了假發(fā)票交易行為

  6.3 假發(fā)票經(jīng)營者的銷售方案組合推動(dòng)了假發(fā)票的泛濫

  6.4 治理假發(fā)票必須標(biāo)本兼治、綜合治理

  參考文獻(xiàn)

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