China’s official news agency has called for “international supervision over the issue of US dollars” and for the US to “live within its means” in the wake of Standard & Poor’s decision to downgrade America’s credit rating. 

在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾（Standard & Poor's）決定下調(diào)美國(guó)的主權(quán)信用評(píng)級(jí)后，中國(guó)官方通訊社新華社呼吁“美元的發(fā)行應(yīng)該受到國(guó)際監(jiān)督”，并呼吁美國(guó)“量入為出”。

　　The remarks underscore the frustration of China，the world’s second-largest economy and biggest holder of US debt，at having the fate of its foreign exchange reserves so intertwined with US fiscal health.

這些言論突顯出，中國(guó)對(duì)本國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備的命運(yùn)與美國(guó)財(cái)政健康狀況糾纏在一起感到郁悶。中國(guó)是全球第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體，也是美國(guó)國(guó)債的最大海外持有者。

　　“The days when the debt-ridden Uncle Sam could leisurely squander unlimited overseas borrowing appeared to be numbered，”said a Xinhua commentary. “To cure its addiction to debts，the United States has to re-establish the common sense principle that one should live within one’s means.”

“債臺(tái)高筑的山姆大叔能夠從容揮霍無(wú)止境海外借款的日子似乎不多了，”新華社的一篇評(píng)論文章稱(chēng)。“美國(guó)要戒掉‘債癮’，就必須重新樹(shù)立量入為出這個(gè)常識(shí)性的原則。”

　　Despite the fiery rhetoric，Beijing’s insistence on keeping tight control over the value of its own currency means it will have to continue investing its swelling foreign reserves in US government bonds for the foreseeable future.

盡管言辭激烈，但北京方面堅(jiān)持嚴(yán)格控制人民幣匯率的做法意味著，在可以預(yù)見(jiàn)的未來(lái)中國(guó)別無(wú)他法，只能繼續(xù)把不斷膨脹的外匯儲(chǔ)備投資于美國(guó)國(guó)債。

　　China has the largest foreign reserves in the world，with an estimated two-thirds of the $3，197bn total denominated in US dollars. It stands to lose most from any fall in the value of the US dollar.

　　中國(guó)擁有全球最大的外匯儲(chǔ)備。在3.197萬(wàn)億美元的外匯儲(chǔ)備總額中，估計(jì)有三分之二為美元資產(chǎn)。若美元走低，中國(guó)將遭受?chē)?yán)重?fù)p失。

　　On Sunday，South Korea and Japan said they had not changed their view on US Treasuries following the S&P move.

　　周日，韓國(guó)和日本表示，標(biāo)普下調(diào)美國(guó)評(píng)級(jí)后，它們對(duì)美國(guó)國(guó)債的看法并無(wú)變化。

　　“Japanese authorities think there is no problem regarding the creditworthiness of US Treasuries and US government bonds will continue to be attractive assets，”a Japanese official said.

　　“日本政府認(rèn)為，美國(guó)國(guó)債的信用可靠性沒(méi)有問(wèn)題，美國(guó)國(guó)債仍將是具有吸引力的資產(chǎn)，”一名日本官員表示。

　　In contrast，Xinhua said China “has every right now to demand the United States to address its structural debt problems and ensure the safety of China’s dollar assets”。

　　與此形成反差的是，新華社稱(chēng)，中國(guó)“絕對(duì)有權(quán)利要求美國(guó)應(yīng)對(duì)其結(jié)構(gòu)性債務(wù)問(wèn)題，保障中國(guó)所持美元資產(chǎn)的安全性”。

　　There has been no official comment from Beijing since the downgrade. On Friday，China’s foreign minister called on the US to enact “responsible monetary policies to maintain the trend of global economic recovery and ensure stable development of the world economy”。He said China “hopes the US can adopt measures to ensure that the assets held by other countries in the US are safe”。

　　自標(biāo)普下調(diào)美國(guó)評(píng)級(jí)以來(lái)，北京方面沒(méi)有發(fā)表官方評(píng)論。上周五，中國(guó)外長(zhǎng)楊潔篪呼吁美國(guó)“從保持世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇勢(shì)頭、確保全球經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的大局出發(fā)，實(shí)行負(fù)責(zé)任的貨幣政策。”他表示，中國(guó)“希望美方采取切實(shí)措施保障各國(guó)在美資產(chǎn)安全。”

　　The lack of an attractive alternative reserve currency to the dollar and the debt crisis in Europe mean that China will be forced to continue buying dollars in the near term.

　　 缺乏足以替代美元的另一種有吸引力的儲(chǔ)備貨幣，加上歐洲的債務(wù)危機(jī)，這一切都意味著中國(guó)在短期內(nèi)將被迫繼續(xù)購(gòu)買(mǎi)美元。

　　Xinhua also called for the US to make substantial cuts to its “gigantic military expenditure and bloated social welfare costs” and said “a new，stable and secured global reserve currency may also be an option to avert a catastrophe caused by any single country”。

　　新華社的文章還呼吁美國(guó)大幅削減“龐大的軍費(fèi)和社會(huì)福利開(kāi)支”，并稱(chēng)“一種穩(wěn)定且安全的新全球儲(chǔ)備貨幣，或許也可用來(lái)避免任何單一國(guó)家?guī)?lái)的災(zāi)難。”