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F1-管理學(xué)術(shù)語英漢對(duì)照解釋(10)

來源: 正保會(huì)計(jì)網(wǎng)校 編輯: 2016/01/11 09:36:55 字體:

Organizational Structure and Design

1、organizing:組織工作

The process of creating an organization‘s structure.

被定義為一個(gè)組織結(jié)構(gòu)的創(chuàng)設(shè)過程。

2、organizational structure:組織結(jié)構(gòu)

The formal framework by which jobs tasks are divided,grouped, and coordinated

組織中正式確定的使工作任務(wù)得以分解、組合和協(xié)調(diào)的框架體系。

3、organizational design:組織設(shè)計(jì)

Developing or changing an organization‘s structure.

管理者發(fā)展或變革一個(gè)組織結(jié)構(gòu)。

4、Work specialization: 工作專門化

The degree to which tasks in an organization are divided into separate jobs; also known as division of labor.

描述組織中的任務(wù)被劃分為各項(xiàng)專門工作的程度。

5、departmentalization:部門化

The basis by which jobs are grouped together.

就是指將若干職位組合在一起的依據(jù)和方式。

6、functional departmentalization:職能部門化

Groups jobs by functions performed.

是依據(jù)所履行的職能來組合工作。

7、product departmentalization:產(chǎn)品部門化

Groups jobs by product line.

是依據(jù)產(chǎn)品線來組合工作。

8、geographical departmentalization:地區(qū)部門化

Groups jobs on the basis of territory or geography.

是按照地理區(qū)域進(jìn)行工作的組合。

9、process departmentalization:過程部門化

Groups jobs on the basis of product or customer flow.

是依據(jù)產(chǎn)品或顧客流來組合工作,使各項(xiàng)活動(dòng)沿著處理產(chǎn)品或?yàn)轭櫩吞峁┓?wù)的工藝過程的順序來組織的。

10、customer departmentalization:顧客部門化

Groups jobs on the basis of common customers.

是依據(jù)共同的顧客來組織工作,這組顧客具有某類相同的需要或問題,要有相應(yīng)的專家才能更好地予以滿足。

11、cross-functional teams:跨職能團(tuán)隊(duì)

Groups of individuals who are experts in various specialties who work together.

這是將各專業(yè)領(lǐng)域的專家們組合在一起協(xié)調(diào)工作。

12、chain of command:指揮鏈

The continuous line of authority that extends from upper organizational levels to the lowest and clarifies who reports to whom.

是指從組織高層延伸到基層的這樣一條持續(xù)的職權(quán)線,它界定了誰向誰報(bào)告工作。

13、authority:職權(quán)

The rights inherent in a managerial position to tell people what to do and to expect them to do it.

是指管理職務(wù)所固有的發(fā)布命令和希望命令得到執(zhí)行的這樣一種權(quán)力。

14、responsibility:職責(zé)

The obligation to perform any assigned duties.

對(duì)完成任務(wù)的期待或義務(wù)。

15、unity of command:統(tǒng)一指揮

The management principle that each person should report to only one manager.

法約爾提出的14條管理原則之一——使組織能保持一條持續(xù)的職權(quán)線。它是指每個(gè)下屬應(yīng)當(dāng)而且只能向一個(gè)上級(jí)主管直接報(bào)告工作。

16、span of control:管理跨度

The number of employees a manager can efficiently and effectively manager.

一位管理者能夠有效地管理下屬數(shù)量的程度。

17、centralization:集權(quán)化

The degree to which decision making is concentrated at a single point in organization.

反映決策集中于組織中某一點(diǎn)的程度。

18、decentralization:分權(quán)化

The degree to which lower-level employees provide input or actually make decisions.

低層人員提供了更多的決策投入,或者實(shí)際上可以做出決策的程度。

19、formalization:正規(guī)化

The degree to which jobs within the organization are standardized and the extent to which employee behavior is guided by rules and procedures.

指組織中各項(xiàng)工作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化以及員工行為受規(guī)則和程序約束的程度。

20、mechanistic organization:機(jī)械式組織

An organizational design that‘s rigid and tightly controlled.

是一種刻板的嚴(yán)密控制的結(jié)構(gòu)。

21、organic organization:有機(jī)式組織

An organizational design that‘s highly adaptive and flexible.

是一種靈活的具有高度適應(yīng)性的結(jié)構(gòu)。

22、unit product:?jiǎn)渭a(chǎn)

The production of items in units or small batches.

代表的是單件或小批量的生產(chǎn)。

23、mass production:大批量生產(chǎn)

The production of items in large batches.

也就是大批、大量的生產(chǎn)。

24、process production:連續(xù)生產(chǎn)

The production of items in continuous process.

反映連續(xù)流程的生產(chǎn)。

25、simple structure:簡(jiǎn)單結(jié)構(gòu)

An organizational design with low departmentalization, wide spans of control, centralized authority, and little formalization.

就是一種低度部門化、寬管理跨度,職權(quán)集中于一人手中,且正規(guī)化程度低的組織設(shè)計(jì)。

26、functional structure:職能型結(jié)構(gòu)

An organizational design that groups similar or related occupational specialties together. divisional structure: An organizational structure made up of separate, semiautonomous units or divisions.

是一種將相似或相關(guān)職業(yè)的專家們組合在一起的組織設(shè)計(jì)。

27、Divisional Structure:事業(yè)部型結(jié)構(gòu)

An organizational structure made up of separate, semiautonomous units or divisions.

事業(yè)部型結(jié)構(gòu)是一種由相為獨(dú)立的單位或事業(yè)部組成的組織結(jié)構(gòu)。

28、team-based structure:基于團(tuán)隊(duì)的結(jié)構(gòu)

An organizational structure in which the entire organization is made up of work groups or teams.

在基于團(tuán)隊(duì)的結(jié)構(gòu)中,整個(gè)組織是由執(zhí)行組織的各項(xiàng)任務(wù)的工作小組或團(tuán)隊(duì)組成。

29、matrix structure: 矩陣型結(jié)構(gòu)

An organizational structure that assigns specialists from different functional departments to work on one or more projects.

是指從各職能部門中抽調(diào)有關(guān)專家,分派他們?cè)谝粋€(gè)或多個(gè)由項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的項(xiàng)目小組中工作的這樣一種專職設(shè)計(jì)。

30、project structure:項(xiàng)目型結(jié)構(gòu)

An organizational structure in which employees continuously work on projects.

員工持續(xù)地變換工作的工作小組。

31、autonomous internal units:內(nèi)部自治單位

Separate decentralized business units, each with its own products, clients, competition, and profit goals.

是指獨(dú)立的分權(quán)化經(jīng)營的單位,每一單位都有自己的產(chǎn)品、顧客和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手,都對(duì)其利潤目標(biāo)負(fù)責(zé)。

30、boundary less organization:無界組織

An organization whose design is not defined by ,or limited to ,the horizontal, vertical, or external boundaries imposed by a predefined structure.

是指其橫向的、縱向的或外部的邊界不由某種預(yù)先設(shè)定的結(jié)構(gòu)所限定或定義的這樣一種組織設(shè)計(jì)。

31、Virtual organization:虛擬組織

An organization that consists of a small core of full-time employees and that temporarily hires outside specialists to work on opportunities that arise.

組織雇傭少部分核心全日制雇員,當(dāng)機(jī)會(huì)出現(xiàn)時(shí)臨時(shí)雇傭外部專家一起工作。

32、Network organization :網(wǎng)絡(luò)型組織

A small core organization that outsources major business functions.

一種外部資源主導(dǎo)經(jīng)營職能的小型核心組織。

33、Modular organization:模塊型組織

A manufacturing organization that uses outside suppliers to provide product components of modules that are then assembled into final products.

制造業(yè)組織,它利用外部供應(yīng)商提供的零件和部件生產(chǎn)組裝至終產(chǎn)品。

34、Learning organization:學(xué)習(xí)型組織

An organization that has developed the capacity to continuously adapt and change because all members take an active role in identifying and resolving work-related issues.

它是指由于所以組成成員都積極參與到與工作有關(guān)問題的識(shí)別與解決中,從而使組織形成了持續(xù)適應(yīng)和變革能力的這樣一種組織。

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