[1] [2]
第五部分 補全短文（共兩篇）
第十二篇
Musical Training Can Improve Communication Skills
American scientists say musical training seems to improve communication skills and language retardation. They found that developing musical skills involves the same process in the brain as learning how to speak. The scientists believe that1 could help children with learning disabilities.
１ She says musical training involves putting together different kinds of information, such as hearing music, looking at musical notes, touching an instrument and watching other musicians. This process is not much different from learning how to speak. 2
She further explains musical training and learning to speak each make us think about what we are doing2. She says speech and music pass through a structure of the nervous system called the brain stem. 3 Until recently, experts have thought the brain stem could not be developed or changed. But Professor Kranss and her team found that musical training can improve a person's brain stem activity.
The study involved individuals with different levels of musical ability. They were asked to wear an electrical device that measures brain activity. The Individuals wore the electrode while they watched a video of someone speaking and a person playing a musical instrument -- the cello. 4 The study found that the more years of training people had, the more sensitive they were to the sound and rhythm of the music3. Those who were involved in musical activities were the same people in whom the improvement of sensory events was the strongest. 5 She says using music to improve listening skills could mean they hear sentences and understand facial expressions better.
詞匯：
retardation n. 滯后 cello n. 大提琴
note n. 音符 rhythm n. 節(jié)奏
electrode n. 電極 sensory adj. 知覺的，感官的
注釋：
1．scientists believe that could help children with learning disabilities：科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)，音樂訓練、對學習上有障礙的兒童有幫助。that是從句“that could help children with learning disabilities”中的主語。that指代上一句的developing musical skills involves the same process in the brain as learning how to speak。with learning disabilities是定語，修飾children。
2．musical training and learning to speak each make US think about what we are doin9：音樂訓練和學習說話這兩者都使我們思考我們正在所做的事。each指musical trainin9和learning to speak中的任何一個。句子的主語是musical training and learning to speak，所以，謂語動詞是復數(shù)的。
3．the more years of training people had，the more sensitive they were to the sound and rhythm of the music：人們接受音樂訓練的年份越長，其對音樂聲音和節(jié)奏的敏感性也越高。people是前半旬中的主語。
練習：
A Both involve different senses.
B Nina Kraus is a neurobiologist (~E~:~) at Northwestern University in Illinois.
C Some disabled children attended~ the musical training Class.
D It shows the importance of musical training to children with learning disabilities.
E Professor Krauss says cellos have sound qualities similar to some of the sounds that are important with speech.
F The brain stem controls our ability to hear.
答案與題解：
1．B “空l”后面的句子的主語是代詞she，說明“空l”的句子中有一個女性的名字。選項B有Nina Kraus(Nina“尼娜”是女性名字)，句子的內容是介紹Nina Kraus，與后面句子的意思配得上。B是答案。
2．A 本段的第二、三句說，音樂訓練和學習這兩件事沒有什么很大的不同。選項A的“Both
involve different senses”解釋了為什么這么說，因為兩者都涉及不同的感官，也就是上文所列舉的“hearing music”(耳聽)，“looking at musical notes／watching other musicians”(眼看)，“touching an instrument”(手觸)等。
3．F 在六個選項中，選項F的句子中出現(xiàn)特指的the brain stem，說明前文已出現(xiàn)過這個詞語。這是篇章寫作中常用的詞匯連接方式。從意義上看，選項F的句子是解釋上文提到的brain stem的功能。上下文意思連貫，所以是答案。
4．E 同上面第三題的解釋一樣，選項E的句子中出現(xiàn)特指的the cellos，與上一句的cello相呼應，該句說明科學家為什么要選擇大提琴作為音樂訓練的樂器，上下文意思連貫，所以E是答案。 ，
5．D 最后一段介紹音樂訓練的方法和結果，以及對學習的關聯(lián)和影響。選項D表達的意思
是音樂訓練的結果和對學習上有障礙的兒童所產(chǎn)生的正面影響，意思與其前后兩句的意思完全配合，D是答案。
