盡管美國銀行業(yè)蒙受的巨額虧損讓美國陷入了經(jīng)濟(jì)動蕩，但9家收到政府救助資金的銀行去年共發(fā)放了近330億美元的獎金，其中近5，000名員工的個人獎金數(shù)額超過了100萬美元。

　　庫莫紐約州總檢察長庫莫（Andrew Cuomo）周四公布的這個數(shù)據(jù)讓人們難得地了解到了華爾街的薪酬文化，在這里高層雇員收入的90%甚至更多都來自于年終獎。

　　326億美元的獎金額比加州的預(yù)算赤字高出了三分之一。9家銀行中有6家銀行的獎金數(shù)額超過了它們的利潤。在這些銀行中，每270名員工就有一人的獎金超過了100萬美元。

　　庫莫的報告說，這9家銀行2008年的總薪酬和福利比2007年的1，493億美元下降了11%，為1，335億美元。但隨著收入的下滑，薪酬占企業(yè)收入的百分比卻從2007年的41%上升到了去年的45%.

　　這份報告重新燃起了國會內(nèi)外長期壓抑的對華爾街高薪的怒火。這9家公司2008年的總虧損接近1，000億美元。這將金融體系推到了崩潰的邊緣，令美國政府通過問題資產(chǎn)救助計劃向這些企業(yè)注入了1，750億美元資金。

　　華爾街今年并未表現(xiàn)出多少減薪的跡象。高盛集團(tuán)（Goldman Sachs Group Inc.）和摩根士丹利（Morgan Stanley）最近披露，迄今為止它們已分別劃撥了110億和60億美元作為員工的薪酬和福利金。高盛第二季度的業(yè)績是有史以來最好的。摩根士丹利連續(xù)第三季度出現(xiàn)了虧損。

　　高盛和摩根士丹利對這份報告不予置評。

　　與此同時，包括花旗集團(tuán)（Citigroup Inc.）和美國銀行（Bank of America Corp.）在內(nèi)的一些得到政府救助的大銀行都提供了可觀的薪酬，以吸引高級人才?；ㄆ煦y行共得到了9家銀行獲得的總救助資金的約25%，它的一位高管的薪酬也排在第一位。據(jù)一位政府官員稱，負(fù)責(zé)花旗集團(tuán)能源交易子公司Phibro LLC的霍爾（Andrew Hall）在2008年的收入為9，890萬美元。相比之下，花旗集團(tuán)首席執(zhí)行長潘偉迪（Vikram Pandit）去年的收入超過了3，800萬美元。

　　據(jù)一位政府官員表示，去年這九家銀行中，獎金排名第二的是美國銀行高管蒙塔格（Thomas Montag）獲得的3，940萬美元。2008年，蒙塔格是美林的銷售和交易部門主管。去年美林遭受了數(shù)十億美元的抵押貸款相關(guān)損失，最后被迫出售給了美國銀行。蒙塔格的薪酬包括了股票授予，但這些股票此后價值急劇縮水。

　　美國銀行表示，美林的獎金是3萬名員工分享，而美國銀行的獎金數(shù)額涉及到20多萬名員工。

　　這份報告發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管收入下滑，但銀行薪酬仍然接近此前水平。2008年美林凈業(yè)務(wù)收入減少了230億美元，導(dǎo)致出現(xiàn)巨額凈虧損。調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，美林的薪酬和福利減少了11億美元，降幅為7%.花旗集團(tuán)去年收入下滑了280億美元，降幅為34%；而薪酬和福利下滑了20億美元，降幅6%.

　　類似的，高盛和摩根大通去年薪酬下滑幅度也明顯低于收入降幅。兩家公司都償還了從問題資產(chǎn)救助計劃獲得的政府貸款。摩根大通拒絕對這一報告置評。

　　報告顯示，2008年華爾街最大的三家券商高盛、摩根士丹利和美林總計支付了將近130億美元獎金。據(jù)監(jiān)管文件顯示，三家公司去年薪酬和福利總額是380億美元，獎金大約相當(dāng)于三分之一。

　　在薪酬超百萬的員工數(shù)量中，摩根大通占據(jù)首位；該公司總計224，961名員工中，有1，626名員工薪酬超過100萬美元。但摩根大通的這一數(shù)據(jù)包括了獎金、工資和期權(quán)；調(diào)查中其他銀行的數(shù)據(jù)只包括獎金。

　　摩根大通掙的最多的員工去年拿到了2，900萬美元，超過了該公司首席執(zhí)行長戴蒙（James Dimon），戴蒙去年的薪酬總計1970萬美元。

　　在人均獎金方面，高盛排名第一，其30，067名員工人均獎金大約是16萬美元。高盛有212名銀行家獎金超過300萬美元。高盛在信貸危機(jī)中的處境好于大多數(shù)競爭對手，去年實現(xiàn)利潤23億美元，人均收入77，228美元，排名榜首。

　　高盛表示，該公司沒有合伙人的現(xiàn)金獎金超過222，500美元。其余部分是以延期付息股份支付的，需要再效力一年才能獲得。

　　摩根士丹利有428名員工獎金超過100萬美元。此外，有10名員工的獎金超過1，000萬美元，他們的獎金總計1.468億美元。

　　這九家銀行中還包括了富國銀行（Wells Fargo）、紐約銀行（Bank of New York Mellon）和道富銀行（State Street）。這三家銀行均拒絕對此置評。

　　Nine banks that received government aid money paid out bonuses of nearly $33 billion last year —— including more than $1 million apiece to nearly 5，000 employees —— despite huge losses that plunged the U.S. into economic turmoil.

　　The data， released Thursday by New York Attorney General Andrew Cuomo， provide a rare window into the pay culture of Wall Street， where top employees typically make 90% or more of their compensation in year-end bonuses.

　　The $32.6 billion in bonuses is one-third larger than California's budget deficit. Six of the nine banks paid out more in bonuses than they received in profit. One in every 270 employees at the banks received more than $1 million.

　　Overall compensation and benefits at the nine banks fell 11%， to $133.5 billion in 2008 from $149.3 billion in 2007， the Cuomo report said. But with net revenues falling， the percentage of the firms' revenues dedicated to compensation rose to 45% last year from 41% in 2007.

　　The report reignites long-simmering anger， on Capitol Hill and beyond， over big Wall Street payouts. The nine firms in the report had combined 2008 losses of nearly $100 billion. That helped push the financial system to the brink， leading the government to inject $175 billion into the firms through its Troubled Asset Relief Program.

　　Wall Street has shown little sign of slowing down the pay train this year. Goldman Sachs Group Inc. and Morgan Stanley recently disclosed that they have set aside $11 billion and $6 billion in compensation and benefits， respectively， for their employees so far this year. Goldman's second quarter was among its best ever. Morgan Stanley lost money for its third straight quarter.

　　Goldman and Morgan Stanley declined to comment on the report.

　　Meanwhile， some big banks that received government bailouts， including Citigroup Inc. and Bank of America Corp.， are offering handsome pay packages to lure stars. Citigroup —— which received about 25% of the aid going to the nine banks —— has the No. 1 pay recipient. Andrew Hall， who heads Citigroup's energy-trading unit Phibro LLC， received $98.9 million in 2008， according to a government official. Citigroup CEO Vikram Pandit， by comparison， received more than $38 million last year.

　　The group of nine's No. 2 bonus for last year， according to a government official， was the $39.4 million that went to Bank of America's Thomas Montag. In 2008， Mr. Montag was sales and trading chief at Merrill Lynch， which got crushed by billions of dollars in mortgage-related losses and was sold to Bank of America. Mr. Montag's pay package included stock grants， which since have fallen in value.

　　Bank of America said bonuses for Merrill Lynch were shared among 30，000 employees and Bank of America's figures cover more than 200，000 employees.

　　The study found that pay at the banks remained near previous levels despite revenue declines. Merrill's net revenue fell by $23 billion in 2008， leading to a huge net loss. The firm's pay and benefits dropped by $1.1 billion， or 7%， according to the study. At Citigroup， revenue fell by $28 billion， or 34%. Pay and benefits dropped $2 billion， or 6%.

　　Similarly， at Goldman and J.P. Morgan Chase & Co.， pay fell less sharply than revenue in 2008. Both firms have paid back the government loans they received under TARP. J.P. Morgan declined to comment on the report.

　　Goldman， Morgan Stanley and Merrill， Wall Street's three largest securities firms in 2008， paid nearly $13 billion in bonuses last year， the report says. That was roughly one-third of their total pay and benefits of $38 billion， according to securities filings.

　　J.P. Morgan topped other banks in the number of employees receiving $1 million or more —— 1，626 out of its 224，961 employees. This figure includes bonus， salary and options； the numbers of other banks in the study includes bonuses only.

　　J.P. Morgan's top earner collected $29 million， more than James Dimon， the firm's chief executive， who got $19.7 million in total compensation last year.

　　Goldman paid the most per employee， about $160，000 each for more than 30，067 staffers. Some 212 Goldman bankers made $3 million or more. Goldman， which weathered the credit crisis better than most rivals and made $2.3 billion in 2008， produced the most revenue per employee， $77，228.

　　Goldman has said that no partner got a bonus of more than $222，500 in cash. The rest was paid in deferred stock， with an extra year of service required for any of it to vest.

　　Morgan Stanley had 428 employees who received bonuses of $1 million or more. In addition， 10 people received bonuses of $10 million or more， for a combined $146.8 million.

　　Wells Fargo & Co.， Bank of New York Mellon Corp. and State Street Corp. round out the nine banks. Each declined to comment.