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1.Assurance engagements and external audit
鑒證業(yè)務(wù)和外部審計
Materiality, true and fair presentation, reasonable assurance
重要性,真實、公允反映,合理保證
Appointment, removal and resignation of auditors
注冊會計師的聘用,解聘和辭職
Types of opinion: unmodified opinion, modified opinion, adverse opinion, disclaimer of opinion
審計意見類型:無保留意見,保留意見,否定意見,無法表示意見
Professional ethics: independence, objectivity, integrity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality,
professional behavior
職業(yè)道德:獨立、客觀和公正,專業(yè)勝任能力,應(yīng)有的關(guān)注,保密性,職業(yè)行為
Engagement letter
審計業(yè)務(wù)約定書
2.Planning and risk assessment
審計計劃和風(fēng)險評估
General principles
一般原則
Plan and perform audits with an attitude of professional skepticism
計劃和執(zhí)行審計業(yè)務(wù)應(yīng)保持應(yīng)有的職業(yè)懷疑態(tài)度
Audit risks = inherent risk ×control risk ×detection risk
審計風(fēng)險=固有風(fēng)險×控制風(fēng)險×檢查風(fēng)險
Risk-based approach
風(fēng)險導(dǎo)向型審計
Understanding the entity and knowledge of the business
了解被審單位
Assessing the risks of material misstatement and fraud
估計重大錯報或舞弊的風(fēng)險
Materiality (level), tolerable error
重要性水平,可容忍誤差
Analytical procedures
分析性復(fù)核程序
Planning an audit
制定審計計劃
Audit documentation: working papers
審計記錄:工作底稿
The work of others
利用其他人的工作
Rely on the work of experts
利用專家工作
Rely on the work of internal audit
利用內(nèi)部審計人員的工作
3.Internal control
內(nèi)部控制
The evaluation of internal control systems
內(nèi)部控制系統(tǒng)評價Tests of control
控制測試
Substantive procedures (time, nature, extent)
實質(zhì)性程序(時間,性質(zhì),范圍)
Transaction cycles: revenue, purchases, inventory, etc.
4.Audit evidence
審計證據(jù)
Obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence
獲取充分、適當(dāng)?shù)膶徲嬜C據(jù)
Assertions contained in the financial statements: completeness, occurrence, existence, measurement,
presentation and disclosure, rights and obligations
財務(wù)報表所包含的認定:完整性,發(fā)生,存在,計價,表達和披露,權(quán)利和義務(wù)
The audit of specific items
具體項目的審計
Receivables: confirmation
應(yīng)收賬款:函證
Inventory: counting, cut-off, confirmation of inventory held by third parties
存貨:盤點,截止測試,對第三方持有存貨進行函證Payables: supplier statement reconciliation, confirmation
應(yīng)付賬款:供應(yīng)商對賬,函證
Bank and cash: bank confirmation
貨幣資金:銀行函證
Auditing sampling
審計抽樣
5.Review
復(fù)核
Subsequent events
期后事項
Going concern
持續(xù)經(jīng)營
Management representations
管理層聲明
Audit finalization and the final review: unadjusted differences
終結(jié)審計和最后復(fù)核:未調(diào)整差異
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