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Reform on the Road

　　Will the reform on the use of government cars really reduce office expenditure 1 this count? There are no reports 2 such an outcome although some local governments have moved in that direction.

　　Hangzhou government 3 its reform last month. Officials below the level of deputy bureau chief cannot use official trips for business trips.

　　Instead they get subsidies between 300 and 2,600 yuan a month according to their administrative rank. This reform is supposed to save the government the money involving in 4 a large number of cars.

　　Hangzhou in east China Zhejiang province is not the first to attempt 5 reform. Nanjing, capital of the neighboring Jiangsu province, did so five years ago, yet there is no report available of how much money the Nanjing government has saved 6 these measures. All that we know about is the fact 7 government officials get monthly subsidies for business from www.yingyukaoshi.com

　　The public have a fight to 8 for transparency on the results of such reform 9 it is taxpayers' money that is being spent. Transparency is needed because people are 10 about policy-makers making policy against their own interests.

　　Obviously, the subsidies are not based on work needs. Lower level officials usually travel 11 than high-ranking officials. Therefore, the impact of reform appears to be diluted.

　　Transparency alone can tell us 12 the reform measures have indeed reduced government transport expenditure. If there is no disclosure of amounts saved by the reform, the public may have reason to suspect that the reform is actually a poly 13 the income of officials in the form of a transport subsidy.

　　The way government cars are used needs to be reformed. The government spending on purchase of cars was 80 billion yuan in 2008, and use and maintenance amounts to around 300 billion yuan a year.

　　A study of ancient Chinese dynasties shows that the more reforms of the tax system, the heavier the taxes eventually 14 on subjects.

　　The only way to prevent this vicious cycles from happening with government car reform today is for the higher authorities to have a strict and 15 audit of local finance.

　　詞匯

　　transparency n. 透明度disclosure n.透露，公開(kāi)

　　vicious a. 循環(huán)論證的ploy n.計(jì)策，手段

　　練習(xí)

　　1. A) on B) in C) about D) to

　　2. A) indicates B) indicating C) indicated D) indicate

　　3. A) completed B) terminated C) launched D) finished

　　4. A) maintaining B) maintained C) maintenance D) maintain

　　5. A) such a B) as such C) such that D) such

　　6. A) by B) on C) through D) in

　　7. A) which B) whether C) in which D) that

　　8. A) providing B) offering C) supplying D) asking

　　9. A) because B) therefore C) because of D) thus

　　10. A) satisfied B) pleased C) skeptical D) confused

　　11, A) less B) more C) faster D) farther

　　12. A) how B) which C) that D) whether

　　13. A) increased B) to be increased C) to increase D) increase

　　14. A) levied B) taken C) consumed D) removed

　　15. A) opaque B) transparent C) obscure D) ambiguous

　　答案及題解

　　1. A on this account 或者on that account 的意思是為了這個(gè)緣故或者為了那個(gè)緣故，是固定搭配。

　　2. B indicating such an outcome 這個(gè)短語(yǔ)作為名詞report 的定語(yǔ)出現(xiàn)，說(shuō)明這個(gè)report 是什么樣的，所以要用的不是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，而是一個(gè)作定語(yǔ)的分詞，在indicating 和indicated 中應(yīng)該選擇主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的indicating。

　　3.C 從上下文的語(yǔ)境中我們可以看出，杭州政府啟動(dòng)了一項(xiàng)改革，從意義上來(lái)看，只有l(wèi)aunch 符合要求，其他選項(xiàng)都是表示“結(jié)束”的意思。在這里，launch 表示“開(kāi)始，啟動(dòng)”的意思

　　4. A involve in 后面應(yīng)該跟動(dòng)名詞或者名詞，C 選項(xiàng)中的maintenance 雖然是名詞形式，但后面應(yīng)該加of，所以只有A 是合適的選項(xiàng)。

　　5. A such 用作前置限定詞時(shí)，其后通常跟a 及單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，表示“這樣的、這種的、此類(lèi)的”。Such that 表示“如此……以致……”。

　　6. A 介詞by 表示通過(guò)某種方式，by these measures 是表示“通過(guò)這些措施”的意思。

　　7. D 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)用關(guān)系連詞that。在本句中，that 引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句具體解釋了fact 的內(nèi)容。

　　8. D ask for 有“索求”的意義，在這個(gè)句子中比較合適。其他選項(xiàng)provide，offer 和supply 都有“給予”的意義，用在這一語(yǔ)境中不成立。

　　9. A 兩個(gè)小句之間是因果關(guān)系，because 引導(dǎo)的小句表示的是原因，而therefore 和thus都只能引導(dǎo)表示結(jié)果的小旬：because of 后面只能是名詞或者名詞性質(zhì)的短語(yǔ)。

　　10.C 這句話說(shuō)的是納稅人因?yàn)閾?dān)心決策者做出有悖于他們利益的事而要求政策制定有透明度。satisfied 表示“滿意的”，不符合原句意義上的要求，由于同樣的原因，pleased指“高興的”，以及confused“疑惑的”也不符合。

　　11.B 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，作者的意思是低級(jí)的公務(wù)員比高級(jí)公務(wù)員出差更多，因此補(bǔ)貼辦法是不合理的。

　　12.D whether 引導(dǎo)表示“是否”的賓語(yǔ)從句，that 引導(dǎo)表示陳述句的賓語(yǔ)從句。

　　13.C 不定式to increase 表示目的，“這項(xiàng)改革只是官員用車(chē)補(bǔ)的形式提高自己收入的一種手段”。

　　14.A levy 在這里是“征稅”的意思。

　　15.B 原意是“嚴(yán)格而透明的監(jiān)管”，因此“不透明的”、“模糊的”、“模棱兩可的”都不符合要求。