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　　Citizen Scientists

　　Understanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycleevent-flowering，the appearance of leaves，the first frog calls of the spring all around the world．

　　But ecologists can't be everywhere so they're turning to non-scientists，sometimes called citizen scientists，for help．

　　CIimate scientists are not present everywhere．Because there are so many places in the worldand not enough scientists to observe all of them，they're asking for your help in observing signs ofclimate change across the world．The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people too bserve a very specific research interest-birds，trees，flowers budding，etc．a(chǎn)nd send their observationsto a giant database to be observed by professional scientists．This helps a small number of scientiststrack a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own．Much like citizenjournalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat，citizen scientists are ready for theconditions where thev live． All that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each weekto gather data and send it in．

　　A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phenology Network．"Phenology"is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.

　　One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year．The program，called Projeet BudBurst，collects life cycle da. ta on a variety of common plants from across the United States．People participating in the projectwhich is open to everyone record their observations on the Project BudBurst website．

　　"People don't have to be plant experts，they just have to look around and see what's in their neighborhood，"says Jennifer Schwartz，an education consultant with the project．"As we collectthis data．we'll be able to make an estimate of how plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes．"

　　36．Ecologists turn to non-scientist citizens for help because they need them__________________．

　　A．to provide their personal life cycles

　　B．to observe the life cycle of plants

　　C．to collect data of the life cycle of living things

　　D．to teach children knowledge about climate change

　　37．What are citizen scientists asked to do?

　　A．To develop a specific research interest and become professional scientists．

　　B．To send their research observations to a professional database．

　　C．To increase their knowledge about climate change．

　　D．To keep a record of their research observations．

　　38．In"All that，s needed to become one…(paragraph2)"，what does the word"one"stands for?

　　A．a(chǎn) citizen journalist

　　B．a(chǎn) citizen scientist

　　C．a(chǎn) scientist

　　D．a(chǎn) citizen

　　39．What is NOT true of Project BudBurst?

　　A．Only experts can participate in it．

　　B．Everybody can participate in it．

　　C．It collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants．

　　D．It has its own website．

　　40．What is the final purpose of Project BudBurst?

　　A．To study when plants will have their first buds．

　　B．To find out the types of plants in the neighborhood．

　　C．To collect life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States．

　　D．To investigate how plants and animals will respond as the climate changes．

　　參考答案及解析

　　36．C[解析]前文提到科學(xué)家們沒有可能去觀察每一個(gè)地方的氣候變化現(xiàn)象，所以邀請普通人為他們觀察、收集信息。

　　37．B [解析]根據(jù)"sentltlaeii'obseivations to a giant dataJbase t0 be obsetveclby professional scientists''可得知。

　　38．B [解析]根據(jù)后文"a few minutes each day 0r each week to gather data and sencIitin"，可見就是對citizen scientist的描述。

　　39．A[解析]文章全文都在說普通人參與科學(xué)研究的項(xiàng)目，因此，只有A選項(xiàng)不符合。其他選項(xiàng)都能在文中找出。

　　40．D [解析]問題為final purpose，所以選D，跳過C。

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